雅思閱讀選擇題判斷陷阱掃除干擾

在雅思閱讀考試中，親切指數(shù)最高的題型一定是選擇題摘得頭籌，因?yàn)樵趪鴥?nèi)的各種英語考試中選擇題占了相當(dāng)大的比例。在近兩年的雅思考試中，選擇題占了20%的比重，重要性不可小覷。但是考生往往反映雅思閱讀的選擇題不易做對，究其原因還是因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)中的陷阱一個(gè)接一個(gè)，干擾項(xiàng)不易辨別。

考試的過程中，該題型就成了糾結(jié)指數(shù)最高的題型，拿不定主意，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，導(dǎo)致整體分?jǐn)?shù)不高。那么如何辨析選項(xiàng)中的正確選項(xiàng)與干擾項(xiàng)呢?我們可以把選擇題的選項(xiàng)按照判斷題的TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來分析，這樣就有利于我們解開這個(gè)亂麻一樣的題型了。

一、 正確選項(xiàng)

在文中有定位點(diǎn)，并且替換正確，這就是正確選項(xiàng)的定義，這跟判斷題中的TRUE/YES很像。但在雅思考試中，判斷題的出題范圍通常是一至兩句，而選擇題的定位句往往不止一句，許多時(shí)候需要結(jié)合好幾句話理解。

同時(shí)，國內(nèi)考生最容易在選擇題上犯的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤就是主觀臆斷或過度推斷，經(jīng)常根據(jù)自己的常識或感覺選出答案，在文中根本沒有找到相應(yīng)的定位點(diǎn)。因此我們一定要遵循“有其意則選之，無其意必棄之”的答題原則。

二、 錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)是指和原文意思完全矛盾的選項(xiàng)，相當(dāng)于判斷題中的FALSE/NO，考生往往對于錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)很容易辯出。

如劍7 Test 4 Passage 3 第29題

題目：Researchers discovered that high noiselevel are not likely to interfere with the

A. successfulperformance of a single task.

B. tasks ofpilots or air traffic controllers.

C. ability torepeat numbers while tracking moving lines.

D. ability tomonitor three dials at once.

原文：But there are limits to adaptation andloud noise becomes more troublesome if the person is required to concentrate onmore than one task. For example, high noise levels interfered with theperformance of subjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time, atask not unlike that of an airplane pilot or an air-traffic controller.Similarly, noise did not affect a subject’s ability to track a moving line witha steering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject’s ability to repeatnumbers while tracking.

題干問的是噪音不太可能會(huì)影響的事情，我們通過定位發(fā)現(xiàn)原文中寫道，“For example, high noise levels interfered with the performance ofsubjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time，a task notunlike that of an airplane pilot or an air-traffic controller”, 即噪音會(huì)影響同時(shí)操作三個(gè)方向盤的人和類似飛行員和空中管制員那樣的任務(wù)，對應(yīng)B和D選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容，由此可把B和D選項(xiàng)排除。繼續(xù)往下讀，“Similarly, noise did not affect a subject’s ability to track a moving line with asteering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject’s ability to repeat numbers whiletracking.” 可以看出噪音會(huì)影響人邊駕駛邊重復(fù)數(shù)字的能力，對應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)排除。其他所有選項(xiàng)都已排除，最終只剩下A選項(xiàng)。

三、 未提及選項(xiàng)

選擇題中的未提及選項(xiàng)就如同判斷題的NOT GIVEN,既有完全未提及選項(xiàng)，也有部分提及選項(xiàng)。

如劍6 Test 4 Passage 3 第31題

31 A recent survey found that in British secondary schools

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

原文：Bullying can take a variety of forms, from the verbal-being taunted or called hurtful names-to the physical-being kicked or shoved-as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social groups. A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was persistent. There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly recalcitrant.

分析：這道題除了正確選項(xiàng)，其他的選項(xiàng)都是陷阱。通過題干定位詞，我們可以讀到第二句“A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was persistent.”在此句中，出現(xiàn)了選項(xiàng)C的persistent bullying,但本句中說的是British primary schools, 而非題干中的British secondary schools。繼續(xù)向下讀的時(shí)候，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了題干中的British secondary schools，同時(shí)該句中也出現(xiàn)了選項(xiàng)C的persistent bullying,但均未出現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)C中所對應(yīng)的common的意思，因此該選項(xiàng)為部分提及選項(xiàng)。而選項(xiàng)A中的比較關(guān)系在原文中根本沒有提及，所以選項(xiàng)A即為完全未提及選項(xiàng)。